<div><h4>Description</h4><p>For approval in 2024.</p><h4>Impact</h4><p><p>Incidence of waterborne disease in provincial towns is reduced (Medium Term Development Plan 2 20162017)a</p></p></div>

Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project

Appendix 3 11 initial poverty and social analysis country: papua new guinea project title: urban water supply and sanitation project lendingfinancing modality: project department division: pardpaus i. poverty impact and social dimensions a. links to the national poverty reduction strategy and country partnership strategy the project will address poor access to water supply and sanita tion in 3 provincial towns of png, vanimo, kerema and mendi . the adb png cps 2016- 20201 reflects improved access to water supply as an operational prio rity. the project will contribute to the png national water, sanitation an d hygiene wash policy2 which specifies a target of 95 urban access rates to a safe, convenient and sustai nable water supply , and 85 of the urban population to have access to safe, convenient and sustainabl e sanitation. the policy encompasses the development targets for improved access to safe water and improved sanitation articulated in the png vision 2050, development strategic plan 2010-2030 and the corporate p lans of soes. the project will reduce economic and social exclusion of poor and vulnerable groups, includ ing women, by improving access to safe and reliable water supply and sanitation in the towns. b. poverty targeting general intervention individual or household ti-h geographic ti-g non-income mdgs ti-m1, m2, etc. the project contributes to the achievement of sdg goal 6: "ensure acc ess to water and sanitation for all" by 2030, which has the specific target of achieving "universal and equitab le access to safe and affordable drinking water for all". c. poverty and social analysis 1. key issues and potential beneficiaries. the estimated population of the towns are vanimo 18,, 47 fe male, kerema 6,, 48 female and mendi 24,, 48 female . 39.9 of papua new guineans live below the poverty line and this nu mber is likely to be higher in provincial towns as compared to the capital, port more sby rural poverty rates exceed urban poverty rates in png. water supply services in the towns range from poor to non-existent, contributing to time p overty associated with water collection. access to sanitation varies but i s generally inadequate, whether due to poor household access to improved facilities, or poor managemen t of septage. most septic tanks in the towns are either approaching the end or are past their design life . limited access to improved water and sanitation services undermines public health and is a main contributing factor to the high infant mortality rate in png. the incidence of diarrheal disease in children under 5 years did not improve be tween 2012 and 2016. poor public health brings about low labor productivity, forgone employment opportunity, a nd added health-related expenses among households, which in turn impacts poverty levels and imposes c onstraints on sustainable development. poor water and sanitation services impact women especially, in terms of health, time, school attendance, and security. 2. impact channels and expected systemic changes. to strengthen its impact on reducing poverty and extreme deprivati on, the project will assist the government to improve access to water and sanitation services among the urba n poor in 3 provincial towns. expected spin-offs associated with improved water supply services include i improved hygiene and lower rates of waterborne disease; ii reduced time poverty, especially for women, associ ated with fetching and boiling water and taking care of sick household members; improved security reduced security risks, especially to women, associated with fetching water and reduced community water-related disputes; iv improved school attendance, especially for girls and female teachers; v increased skills levels for community members trained and engaged in hygiene promotion ; vi creation of employment opportunities during civil works and grea ter opportunities for creation of small businesses in the towns. community leaders will be empowe red in decision making with respect to the management model eventually employed for water supply and san itation services. 3. focus of and resources allocated in the transaction ta or due dilig ence. social due diligence will be undertaken by consultants through ta with the sup port of adb's safeguards and gender specialists. this due diligence will identify the i mpact, and special features to be considered in project design to maximize project benefits flowing to target groups su ch as low-income households and women. 4. specific analysis for policy-based lending. na 1 adb. 2016. country partnership strategy: png, 2016 -2020 . manila. 2 government of papua new guinea, department of national planning an d monitoring. 2015. national water, sanitation and hygiene wash policy. 2015 -2030. port moresby. 12 appendix 3 ii. gender and development 1. what are the key gender issues in the sector andor subse ctor that are likely to be relevant to this project or program lack of access to wash disproportionately disadvantages wome n and girls, who carry the added burdens of water collection, time spent boiling water for drinking and caring for sick family members. lack of clean water and inadequate sanitation facilities are among the leading cause s of morbidity among children through diarrhea and other water-borne diseases, whilst poor wash in schools impacts s chool attendance particularly for girls and female teachers. wash aware ness activities targeted at women are likely to improve childre n's health and behavior, such as encouraging the use of hand-washing. imp roved access to water will also improve security, with 11.4 of females in png reporting that security concerns affect their w illingness to walk to fetch water compared to 4.1 of males.3 2. does the proposed project or program have the potential to contribute to the promotion of gender equity andor empowerment of women by providing women's access to and use of opportunities, services, resources , assets, and participation in decision making yes no at least 50 of persons trained as hygiene promoters will be wo men. employment opportunities for women will potentially be created e.g. community tap stand attendants and indirect opportunities for small business creation. gender specific elements will be incorporated into hygiene awaren ess campaigns and in the design of infrastructure. improvement of water supply services and hygiene in s chools will improve school attendance rates for girls and female teachers. female staff from water png will ben efit from training and mentoring through the project. a gap will be prepared through due diligence. 3. could the proposed project have an adverse impact on women a ndor girls or widen gender inequality yes no 4. indicate the intended gender mainstreaming category: gen gender equity egm effective gender mainstreaming sge some gender elementsnge no gender elements . participation and empowerment 1. who are the main stakeholders of the project, including benefici aries and negatively affected people identify how they will participate in the project design. stakeholders include i populations of vanimo , kerema mendi; ii non-resident users of water such as vendors ; students and teachers; iv staff and patients at hospitals; v staff at other local businesses; vi equipment suppliers and contractors engaged during implementation; vi i water png, department of national planning and monitoring and other government agencies; v csos which may be involved in community engagement activities. lessons learned from prior interventions suggest that assistance will need to be directed towards building the capacity of communities and implementing partners, so that both government and the commun ity may be equipped to effectively engage each other on a mutual cooperat ive undertaking. the local populations will be engaged in the identification of suitable locations for infra structure including pipelines, household connections and communal facilities, and participation will continue to be und ertaken in all phases of the project from planning, implementation and me. selected community members will benefit from tailored training relevant to the project hygiene awareness. 2. how can the project contribute in a systemic way to engaging and em powering stakeholders and beneficiaries, particularly, the poor, vulnerable, and exclude d groups what issues in the project design require participation of the poor and excluded during initial consultations in 2017, community representativ es highlighted the importance of stakeholder engagement in undertaking the project feasibility study . research in png has shown that the role of the local councilor andor community leaders in mobilizing and coordinati ng community resources is seen as important in both helping the poor and solving water supply issues general ly. this will continue to be taken into consideration in the design of infrastructure and community engagement program s, which will involve direct consultation with community leaders and the community- at-large. 3. what are the key, active, and relevant civil society organizati ons csos in the project area what is the level of civil society organization participation in the project des ign h information generation and sharing m consultation collaborati on partnership ngos and faith-based groups will be consulted during project de sign. 4. are there issues during project design for which participation o f the poor and excluded is important what are they and how should they be addressed yesno 3 government of papua new guinea. national statistics office. household income and expenditure survey 2009 -2010 . waigani. appendix 3 13 communities will be given a voice in shaping infrastructure desi gn and in developing mechanisms for payment for water and sanitation services for water png. poor and vulnerable group s, including women, will also be consulted during preparation to ensure that project design ade quately responds to their water supply and sanitation needs . an adb social safeguards specialist will support preparation of the participation plan and will assess whether additional resources should be deployed. issues such as affordability of water supply will be explored through focus groups and surveys. iv. social safeguards a. involuntary resettlement categorya b c fi 1. does the project have the potential to involve involuntary land a cquisition resulting in physical and economic displacementyesno priority will be given on locating proposed facilities on governme nt-ownedleased land. however, there could be some private or customary-owned lands required and assets affected de pending on the design of the distribution network. the impacts are not expected to be significant since it will only be requiring strips of land. 2. what action plan is required to address involuntary resettlement as part of the transaction ta or due diligence process resettlement plan resettlement frameworksocial impact matrix environmental and social management system arrangement none b. indigenous peoples category a b c fi 1. does the proposed project have the potential to directly or indi rectly affect the dignity, human rights, livelihood systems, or culture of indigenous peoplesyesno 2. does it affect the territories or natural and cultural resources ind igenous peoples own, use, occupy, or claim, as their ancestral domain yesno the whole of png population is considered indigenous and can b e divided into tribesclans. there are tribes and clans in the project area but are the dominant population in loc al areas, considered melanesian of png. they are not separate from mainstream society; institutions are not dist inct, and they are not vulnerable. the project does not target any particular group but will benefit various people l iving in the area. the project will ensure that local communities will receive culturally appropriate benefits. 3. will the project require broad community support of affected indi genous communities yes no4. what action plan is required to address risks to indigenous peo ples as part of the transaction ta or due diligence process indigenous peoples planindigenous peoples planning framework social impact matrix environmental and social management system arrangemen tnone v. other social issues and risks 1. what other social issues and risks should be considered i n the project design creating decent jobs and employmentm adhering to core labor standards labor retrenchment l spread of communicable diseases, including hivaids increase in human trafficking m affordability increase in unplanned migrationincrease in vulnerability to natural disasterscreating political instability creating internal social conflicts others, please specify 2. how are these additional social issues and risks going to be a ddressed in the project design tariff implementation planning will be pro-poor, bid documents w ill require contractors to adhere to core labor standards and carry out hivaids awareness training for workers and surroundi ng communities. vi. transaction ta or due diligence resource requirement 1. do the terms of reference for the transaction ta or other due diligen ce contain key information needed to be gathered during transaction ta or due diligence process to better an alyze i poverty and social impact, ii gender impact, participation dimensions, iv social safegua rds, and v other social risks. are the relevant specialists identified yes no due diligence is being undertaken through ta by a consultant firm. the firm's tor c learly identifies data collection needs associated with poverty, social and gende r assessments, as well as participation and social due diligence. the consultants are supported by adb's social and gender specialists. 2. what resources e.g., consultants, survey budget, and workshop a re allocated for conducting poverty, social, andor gender analysis, and participation plan during the tran saction ta or due diligence due diligence to satisfy adb requirements is being undertaken throu gh ta 9298 png: support for water and sanitation sector management in 2018. tor for these activities have already been prepared.

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Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project: Initial Poverty and Social Analysis

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