<div><h4>Description</h4><p>In the Laguna area, the government has prioritized improvement of public transport and is developing the South Commuter Rail Project, connecting Manila and Calamba. The government also released the Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program in 2017 to improve the efficiency of road-based public transport operations, and started to establish bus terminals, such as the Paranaque Integrated Terminal Exchange, for more efficient and convenient bus operations. However, because the road network connecting NCR and Laguna Province is in poor condition and the two main corridors, i.e., the South Luzon Expressway and the Manila South road, are heavily congested (paragraph 4), promotion of public transport alone cannot meet the heavy traffic demands in the area. Alongside promotion of public transport, an enhanced road network is critical to address the transport issues in the area, including reducing traffic congestions.</p><h4>Impact</h4><p><p>Efficiency of the transport sector will be enhanced to sustain economic growth</p></p></div>

Laguna Lakeshore Road Network Project

Initial poverty and social analysis project number: 52321-001 march 2023 philippines: laguna lakeshore road network project this document is being disclosed to the public in accordance with adb's access to i nformation policy abbreviations adb 3 asian development bank cso 3 civil society organization dhsud 3 department of human settlements and urban development dpwh 3 department of public works and highways ncr 3 national capital region ngos 3 nongovernment organizations shfc 3 social housing finance corporation ta 3 technical assistance in preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the asian development bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. initial poverty and social analysis country: philippines project title: laguna lakeshore road network project lendingfinancing modality: multitranche financing facility departmentdivision setcserd i. poverty impact and social dimensions a. links to the national poverty reduction strategy and country partnership strategy the updated philippines development plan 2017 32022 aims to lay a stronger foundation for inclusive growth by increasing the country9s potential and accelerating strategic i nfrastructure development.a under adb9s country partnership strategy, infrastructure operations will be one of the main chan nels of contribution to the strategy9s three strategic pillars i accelerating infrastructure an d long -term investments, ii promoting local economic development, and investing in people.b the laguna lakeshore road network project the project is aligned with adb9s country partnership strategy for the philippines, 2018 32023 to support infrastructure and local economic development. the project is a lso aligned with the national transport policy, the preamble of which outline9s the transport vision of a safe, secure, reliable, efficient, integrated, intermodal, affordable, cost-effective, environmentally, and people-oriented national transport system that ensures improved quality of life of the people=.c the project is listed in the adb country operations business plan for the philippines 2019 32021.d the project will be considered in 2022 and will improve the connectivity between the national capital region ncr and laguna province .b. poverty targeting 6 general intervention 6 individual or household ti-h 6 geographic ti-g 6non-income mdgs ti-m1, m2, etc. the project will improve the connectivity between ncr and laguna, thereby reducing transport time and costs and improving access to markets and wider employment talent pools, and to attr act tourists to the area. the improved connectivity will indirectly enhance the poverty-reduction efforts of the government. vulnerable households affected by the project land acquisition will receive a ssistance for livelihood restoration and improvement. c. poverty and social analysis 1. key issues and potential beneficiaries. the road users between ncr and laguna will be the direct beneficiaries of the project. the project will improve connectivity, thereby reducing transport time and cost to road users. economic losses due to traffic congestion was estimated at +-3.5 billion per day in 2017 in ncr and +-2.5 billion in surrounding provinces, including laguna. these losses would rise to +-5.4 billion per day in ncr and +-5.9 billion per day in surrounding areas by 2035 if no action is taken.e poverty incidence has risen to 23.7 in the first half of 2021 from 16.6 in 2018, due to the covid-19 pandemic. 2. impact channels and expected systemic changes. improved connectivity will reduce the travel time, paving the way for increasing livelihood opportunities. emission in the proj ect area will reduce due to decongestion and improved connectivity will benefit the users of public transpor t, who will save on travel time. 3. focus of and resources allocated in the transaction technical assistance or due d iligence. impacts associated with involuntary resettlement will be assessed and special attention given to the needs of vulnerable, affected persons, such as informal settlers and vulnerable groups. temporary livelihood losses to businesses and fisherfolk during civil works wi ll be assessed and corresponding mitigation measures will be developed. ii. gender and development 1. what are the key gender issues in the sector andor subsector that are likely to be rel evant to this project or programf in the philippines, road crashes are the leading cause of death for children and young ad ults aged between 5 and 29 years old, and 65 of these road crashes are due to driver error. in 2018, there were 3,050 reported cases of road traffic incidents with 614 fatalities and 2,686 injuries mostly involving motorcyclists 53 to 62 and pedestrians 9 to 14.1 while crash victims are overwhelmingly male 72.5, due to social norms, females disproportionately bear the responsibility of caregiv ing for injured and disabled crash-victim family members, adding to the burden of existing pai d and unpaid work. this burden is exacerbated by inequalities in job opportunities in a job market that favors men over women. women make up 90 of the economically inactive population as a result of househol d andor family duties. heavy traffic which imposes a heavy toll on the time and finances of wome n especially with their domestic and care work, has been a major factor in women9s lower labor force participation rate 46.9 compared to men 73.9.2 gender-based violence persists. one in five women aged 15 349 years experience domestic violence and in 2015 about 28 persons were raped per day footnote 2.2. does the proposed project or program have the potential to contribute to the promotion of gender equ ity andor empowerment of women by providing women access to and use of opportunities, servic es, resources, assets, and participation in decision-making g6 yes 6 no the project will explore innovative measures for this purpose and will integrate engineerin g design features into the infrastructure to ensure safety and convenience of the most vulnerable road users, i.e., cyclists and pedestrians, including children, persons with disabilities, and the elderly. women will be given equal employment opportunities in the jobs generated by the project, including through gender targets in female employment both during civil works and during operation and mai ntenance; and training opportunities in male-dominated occupations. gender-based violence in the cou rse of project implementation will be addressed through a grievance redress mechanism. contracts for operations and maintenance will be crafted and the implementing agency9s capacity for gender mainstreaming in all stages of the project cycle will be strengthened to ensure sustainability of proj ect gains in terms of gender equality. 3. could the proposed project have an adverse impact on women andor girls or widen gender inequali tyh 6 yes 6 no the risk of gender-based violence against local women and girls accompanying large infrastructure projects will be addressed through awareness-raising and setting a code of conduct for all project workers, and incorporating gender-based violence in the project grievance redress mechanism. 4. indicate the intended gender mainstreaming category:i 6 gen gender equity6 egm effective gender mainstreaming 6 sge some gender elements 6 nge no gender elements . participation and empowering the poorj 1. who are the main stakeholders of the project, including beneficiaries and affected pe oplek explain how they will each participate in the project9s design. the main institutional stakeholders include department of public works and hi ghways dpwh, social housing finance corporation shfc, and the department of human settlements and urban development dhsud. shfc and dhsud are involved in resettlement of informal settl er households for the project and will be closely involved in resettlement planning. people affect ed by land acquisition and land clearance, communities along the alignment, and their community-based organizations will be involved in assessing impacts, needs, and mitigation measures. the local go vernments of taguig, muntinlupa, and laguna will support project planning and design in accordance with the ir respective local 1 land transportation office. 2019. road safety action plan . manila. 2 adb. 2018. country partnership strategy: philippines, 2018 32023 . manila. see also, neda. 2019. determinants of women9s labor force participation . manila. development plans. the local residents from these local governments and surroundi ng cities and municipalities will be the beneficiaries of the project and will assist p lanning by participating in public consultation to express their views and identify issues related to the project and p rovide inputs on how these issues may be addressed. 2. who are the key, active, and relevant csos in the project areal key relevant civil society organizations csos will be identified ea rly in the project preparation through a stakeholder analysis. key csos with an active interest in informal settler issues and rights will need to be incorporated into the consultation process to help the project understand the rights related to public transportation, pedestrian mobility, and safety in public spaces. therefore, cs os active in the consultation process will represent cyclists, urban poor, women, persons with disabi lity and other marginalized groups interested in ensuring that the project contributes to gen der equality and social inclusion during project implementation, as well as during infrastructure operation and ma intenance. csos representing business interest may be interested in cooperating with the project. 3. are there issues during project design for which participation of the poor and vulnerable is importantm= 6 yes 6 no if yes, what are these issuesn people affected by involuntary resettlement, including informal settlers to be displaced , and those living around the project sites who will be affected by the construction works will need to be consulted on mitigation measures and implementation arrangements. vulnerable road-user groups res iding around the project area and future users of the infrastructure will be consulted to ensure issues of accessibility, convenience, and safety will be addressed in project design and implementation. 4. how will the project ensure the participation of beneficiaries and affected people, particularly the poor and vulnerable andor csos, during project design to address these issueso the project 9s consultation process will meet with local governments, nongovernment organizations ngos andor community-based organizations, and local communities and affe cted people. information from these meetings will supplement information gained from surveys. issues to be di scussed include, but are not limited to: i resettlement of affected persons; ii protection of communi ties from construction and environmental disturbances and gender-based violence 4sexual exploitation, abuse, and sexual harassment; identification and management of safety hazards to workers and the publi c during construction; iv temporary employment opportunities equally available to men and women; and v how communities along and close to the road project can benefit from the project. 5. what level of cso participation is planned during the project design hm information generation and sharing m consultation l collaboration na partnership iv. social safeguardsa. involuntary resettlement category6 a6 b 6 c 6 fi 1. does the project have the potential to involve involuntary land acq uisition resulting in physical and economic displacement 6 yes 6 no land acquisition will be required for the road network, comprised of viaducts and embankments, including the proposed eight interchanges, which will require construction of slip roads and link roa ds. preliminary assessment indicates that the road network will involve acquisition of 35.39 hectares ha of land and will impact about 591 households resulting in physical andor economic displacement of affected persons. as the proposed interchanges are in a highly built-up area, significant impacts to households involving relocation andor loss of income is expected. a draft resettlement plan was prepared in 2021 an d will be updated based on detailed engineering design. resettlement surveys will be carried o ut to identify the potentially affected persons and the type and scale of resettlement impacts. corresponding mitigation measures in line with adb safeguard policy statement 2009 will be develope d and integrated into resettlement plans one per contract package. 2. what action plan is required to address involuntary resettlement as part of the transaction technical assistance or due diligence process 6 resettlement plan 6 resettlement framework6 social impact matrix 6 environmental and social management system arrangement 6 none b. indigenous peoples category6 a 6 b 6 c 6 fi 1. does the proposed project have the potential to directly or indirectly affect th e dignity, human rights, livelihood systems, or culture of indigenous peoples 6 yes 6 no 2. does it affect the territories or natural and cultural resources indigenous peopl es own, use, occupy, or claim, as their ancestral domain 6 yes 6 no the surveys undertaken during the feasibility stage have not revealed the presence of indigenous peoples and no presence of such groups is reported in the project area. this conclusion wil l be reconfirmed during project preparation. 3. will the project require broad community support of affected indigenous communities6 yes 6 no 4. what action plan is required to address risks to indigenous peoples as part of the transaction ta or due diligence process 6 indigenous peoples plan6 indigenous peoples planning framework 6 social impact matrix 6 environmental and social management system arrangement 6 none v. other social issues and risks 1. what other social issues and risks should be considered in the project design 6 creating decent jobs and employment-h 6 adhering to core labor standards-h 6 labor retrenchment 6 spread of communicable diseases, including hivaids -h 6 increase in human trafficking 6 affordability-m 6 increase in unplanned migration 6 increase in vulnerability to disasters triggered by naturalhazard 6 creating political instability 6 creating internal social conflicts 6 others, please specify 2. how are these additional social issues and risks going to be addressed in the project design the works contract under the project will have suitable clauses to ensure adh erence to core labor standards, and awareness creation for avoidance of communicable diseases, inc luding hivaids. project preparation will need to ensure that covid-19 awareness and prevention me asures are adequately implemented. the project design will consider the affordability aspects of the poor. vi. transaction ta or due diligence resource requirement 1. do the terms of reference for the transaction ta or other due diligence contain key information needed to be gathered during transaction ta or due diligence process to better analyze i poverty and social impact, ii gender impact, participation dimensions, iv soc ial safeguards, and v other social risks are the relevant specialists identified 6 yes6 no 2. what resources e.g., consultants, survey budget, and workshop are allocated for conducting poverty, social, andor gender analysis; and the participation plan during the transaction ta or due diligence dpwh has engaged consultants to undertake the relevant due diligence and prep are safeguards documents. the consultant team comprises an international socialresettlement speci alist and an international gender and social inclusion specialist. dpwh having experienc e with requirements related to adb financing has designated staff to carry out the relevant due dilige nce and prepare safeguards documents. adequate budget has been provided for consultation and undertaking the requi red surveys for social safeguards due diligence, and social and poverty assessment. adb = asian development bank; cso = civil society organizatio n; dhsud = department of human settlements and urban development; dpwh = department of public works and highways; nc r = national capital region; ngos = nongovernment organizations; shfc = social housing finance corpora tion; ta = technical assistance

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Laguna Lakeshore Road Network Project: Initial Poverty and Social Analysis

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