<div><h4>Description</h4><p><p>The proposed project will support the development of a comprehensive approach to early warning system (EWS) by putting in place the five key elements of EWS in a cycle (i) risk knowledge with appropriate assessment, (ii) detection and surveillance networks, monitoring and analysis, (iii) forecasting and warning, (iv) dissemination and communication, and (v) preparedness and response capacity. These elements are fundamental needs for early warning system for all kind of hazards including epidemics and pandemics. Lack of or inadequate interventions or poor performance of any of these elements in the cycle may lead to the failure of the entire EWS. To achieve an outcome of effective EWS, the system should (i) involve the people and communities at risk from a range of hazards; (ii) link EWS to contingency plans, adequately supported by physical and social infrastructure; (iii) utilize cutting edge technologies to enhance efficiency; (iv) promote inclusiveness; and (v) engage all stakeholders at different levels. At present, integrated EWS is not available in Mongolia, and its need is becoming even more apparent during recent national emergencies. In Mongolia, early warning information is available only for selected hazards such as earthquakes in and around Ulaanbaatar. Likewise, meteorological forecast alone is often regarded as warning information. Investment in comprehensive EWS for critical hazards through proper assessment is therefore urgently needed in Mongolia. </p><p>The proposed project will also result in significant capacity building and awareness raising about disaster risk management and the role of disaster risk reduction strategies. The proposed loan will build on existing capacity and activities within the National Emergency and Management Agency as well as coordinate with stakeholders in the sector.</p></p><h4>Impact</h4><p><p>Mongolia's resilience to disasters enhanced</p><p>Disaster resilience in developing member countries strengthened</p></p></div>

Strengthening Integrated Early Warning System in Mongolia

Initial poverty and social analysis july 2020 mongolia : strengthening integrated early warning system in mongolia project this document is being disclosed to the public in accordance with adb's access to inf ormation policy . currency equivalents as of 23 june 2020 currency unit - togrog mnt mnt1.00 = 0.3 6 1.00 = mnt2, 816.73 abbreviations adb cso - - asian development bank civil society organizations drm ta - - disaster risk management technical assistance trta - transaction technical assistance note i in this report, refers to united states dollars. in preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the asian development bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. appendix 4 27 initial poverty and social analysis country: mongolia project title: strengthening inte grated early warning system in mongolia project lendingfinancing modality: project loan department division: east asia departmentenvironment, natural resources and agriculture division i. poverty impact and social dimensions a. links to the national poverty reduction strategy and country partnership strategy the project is consistent with asian development ba nk's adb country partnership strategy for mongoli a, 2017-2020, which highlights the importance of disaster r isk management drm. the project will support drm by putting in place an improved approach to reduce disaster ri sks based on establishing an early warning system a nd enhancing local level preparedness actions. the pro ject will also support capacity building and awaren ess raising about drm. the project will build on existing capac ity and activities within the national emergency ma nagement agency, specifically upscaling activities from prev ious adb technical assistance project. b. targeting classification general intervention individual or household ti-h geographic ti-g sdgs 11.5, 13.1 c. poverty and social analysis 1. key issues and potential beneficiaries. the proposed project is a nation-wide, covering 330 soums and 21 aimags in mongolia. mongolia has a total population of over 3 million and the poverty incide nce has increased because of recent macroeconomic i nstability, lack of economic diversification resulting from ove r reliance on the mining sector and growing environ mental pressures poverty incidence rose from 21.6 in 201 4 to 28.4 in 2018. mongolia faces significant disaster risk and the po pulation particularly the poor and vulnerable peopl e are vulnerable to natural hazards due to the persistent poverty an d low capacity. communities are suffering losses of lives and properties due to increased disaster risks. frequen t disasters also pose serious setbacks to local, so cial, and economic development. strengthened drm is needed fo r poverty reduction and sustainable development. the technical assistance ta will identify project beneficiaries and prepare beneficiary profiles inc luding for women, the poor, and vulnerable people. the ta will also a ssess needs and constraints of potential beneficiar ies to access project benefits.2. impact channels and expected systemic changes. the project's output 1 will put in place necessary procedures and equipment to identify, monitor, and communicate hazard threats to communities nationwide. output 2 will take a people-centered approach and focus on c ommunity activities. it will i assist communities to under stand warnings and to increase preparedness to effe ctively respond to disaster risks; and ii support communities to implement disaster risk reduction activities. outpu t 3 will strengthen institutional, technical, and management capacity f or effective drm. all outputs are expected to benef it communities' nationwide in protecting lives and properties. the ta will further assess impact channels and dete rmine social benefits under each project output. 3. focus of and resources allocated in the ta or due diligence. the project's due diligence will focus on social, p overty, and gender issues. social specialists inte rnational and national will be included in the ta team to undert ake social assessments and develop necessary measur es on relevant social issues. specifically, the social sp ecialists will i prepare and implement a consulta tion participation plan; ii undertake poverty and social analysis c ollecting socio-economic and poverty data, and asse ssing project's social impactsbenefits for different social groups ; identify needs of beneficiaries and develo p measures to maximize social benefits; iv develop targeted mea sures for the poor, women, and vulnerable groups; a nd v develop necessary social reports and action plans b ased on i-iv. ii. gender and development 1. what are the key gender issues in the sectorsub sector that are likely to be relevant to this proje ct or program mongolia has a comparatively strong country system for gender equity, including the gender equality la w of 2011. women's educational attainment is relatively high, but their labor force participation is decreasing. while men and women have equal legal right to access land, the pr operty is mostly registered in the name of men. lan d titles are often in husbands' names; and women have difficulti es accessing credit due to lack of collateral land , etc.. 28 appendix 4 the number of female-headed households is increasin g due to increasing divorces. women actively partic ipate in household and community activities. women usually t ake administrative jobs, while men hold leadership positions in decision-making bodies due to cultural or social norms. the ta will assess gender issues specific to the pr oject and identify necessary measures for effective gender mainstreaming during project preparation. 2. does the proposed project or program have the po tential to make a contribution to the promotion of gender equity andor empowerment of women by providing women's ac cess to and use of opportunities, services, resourc es, assets, and participation in decision making yes no please explain. the project has potential to improve women's empowe rment in drm. the ta will develop a gender action p lan comprising gender mainstreaming or empowerment meas ures to be included in the project design. 3. could the proposed project have an adverse impac t on women andor girls or widen gender inequality yesno please explain the project is not expected to involve adverse impa ct on women; or it is unlikely to widen gender ineq uality. 4. indicate the intended gender mainstreaming categ ory: gen gender equity themeegm effective gender mainstreaming sge some gender elements nge no gender elements . participation and empowerment 1. who are the main stakeholders of the project, in cluding beneficiaries and negatively affected peopl e identify how they will participate in the project design. the main stakeholders are national emergency manage ment agency, local governments, and beneficiary communities. all stakeholders' views and their need s will be assessed during project preparation. surv eys, meetings, interviews, and other appropriate activit ies will be conducted to ensure participation of st akeholders in the project design. 2. how can the project contribute in a systemic wa y to engaging and empowering stakeholders and bene ficiaries, particularly, the poor, vulnerable and excluded gro ups what issues in the project design require part icipation of the poor and excluded the ta will ensure that local stakeholders includin g the poor and vulnerable groups participate in the project. adequate consultations will be undertaken to solici t views of local communities during preparation of the project components. the project design will incorporate vie ws and preferences of local communities regarding p roject activities. 3. what are the key, active, and relevant civil soc iety organizations in the project area what is the level of civil society organization participation in the project d esign civil society organizations cso include community groups and other non-government organizations. the ta will identify csos that are relevant for the project; an d will consult with them during project preparation . csos will be engaged during project implementation as well. information generation and sharing h consultation m collaboration lpartnership na 4. are there issues during project design for which participation of the poor and excluded is importan t what are they and how shall they be addressed yesno participation of communities, including the poor an d vulnerable groups, is important in the design and implementation of drm activities. the project will ensure community participation through implementati on of consultation and participation plan. iv. social safeguards a. involuntary resettlement categorya b c fi 1. does the project have the potential to involve i nvoluntary land acquisition resulting in physical a nd economic displacementyesno the project's criteria on social safeguards for sel ection of sites and activities include: i exclusi on of sites or activities that would involve involuntary resettlement or acqu isition of lands privately owned, possessed or gran ted under aappendix 4 29 contract or lease, andor any involuntary restricti ons on land use or access to protected areas; ii confining works within existing sites or on vacant unencumbered sta te-owned lands, free of any dispute, of legacy or o utstanding issues of past acquisition. the ta will undertake d ue diligence to confirm this during project prepara tion. 2. what action plan is required to address involunt ary resettlement as part of the trta or due diligen ce process resettlement plan resettlement frameworksocial impact matrix environmental and social management system arrange ment none b. indigenous peoples category a b c fi 1. does the proposed project have the potential to directly or indirectly affect the dignity, human ri ghts, livelihood systems, or culture of indigenous peoplesyesno the project activities are not targeted or expected to impact distinct and vulnerable groups of ethnic minorities that would trigger adb sps requirements on indigenous pe oples. while khuvsgul aimag includes dukha people who live in protected taiga forests and seasonally migr ate to nearby areas, the project's selection criter ia exclude works within protected areas or other ecologically sensit ive sites such as taiga forests; and the project wi ll avoid impacts on dukha along their seasonal migration routes. the ta will undertake due diligence to confirm this du ring the project preparation. 2. does it affect the territories or natural and cu ltural resources indigenous peoples own, use, occup y, or claim, as their ancestral domain yesno 3. will the project require broad community support of affected indigenous communities yes no 4. what action plan is required to address risks to indigenous peoples as part of the trta or due dili gence process indigenous peoples planindigenous peoples planning framework social impact matrix environmental and social management system arrange ment none. v. other social issues and risks 1. what other social issues and risks should be con sidered in the project design creating decent jobs and employment m adhering to core labor standards llabor retrenchment spread of communicable diseases, including hivaid s increase in human traffickingaffordability m increase in unplanned migrationincrease in vulnerability to natural disasterscreating political instability creating internal social conflicts others, please specify 2. how are these additional social issues and risks going to be addressed in the project design these social risks will be assessed, and necessary measures will be included in project design. vi. ppta or due diligence resource requirement 1. do the terms of reference for the trta or other due diligence contain key information needed to b e gathered during ppta or due diligence process to better anal yze i poverty and social impact; ii gender impa ct, participation dimensions; iv social safeguards; a nd vi other social risks. are the relevant specia lists identified yes no 2. what resources e.g., consultants, survey budget , and workshop are allocated for conducting povert y, social andor gender analysis, and participation plan duri ng the ta or due diligence social specialists international 1 and national 1 will be part of the ta team. necessary budgets for survey, field visits, etc. will be included in the ta. source: asian development bank.

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Strengthening Integrated Early Warning System in Mongolia: Initial Poverty and Social Analysis

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